Figure 8
Performance degradation in dB due to imperfect channel estimation versus ideal SNR. The vertical axis shows the difference between actual perceived signal-to-estimation-error-plus noise ratio (SENR, in dB) and ideal SNR (in dB). The horizontal axis shows the ideal SNR, that is, assuming perfect channel state information. For example, the value 
on the vertical axis means that a bit-error-rate curve generated in an idealized setting where perfect channel estimation is assumed should be displaced 
 dB to the right to correctly represent performance when the influence of channel estimation is taken into consideration. Solid curves represent (optimal) smoothed Kalman filter performance. Dashed curves represent Wiener filter performance, where no previous measurements are used by the estimator.