From: An ICMP-Based Mobility Management Approach Suitable for Protocol Deployment Limitation
 | Binding information maintained at | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | HA | MN | CN | *Near CN | Misc |
Triangular route | High | High | Low | Low | Low |
Supports only micromobility | No | Yes | No | No | No |
Modification at CN | No | No | Yes | No | Yes |
Modification at MN | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Modification at router | FA | FA | FA | Few | No |
Handoff delay | High | Low | High | Medium | High |
Packet loss without fast handoff | High | Low | High | Medium | High |
Fast handoff support | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
Signaling cost | High | Low | High | Medium | High |