EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking

Table 1 Power densities of typical energy harvesters.

From: Design and Implementation of a Generic Energy-Harvesting Framework Applied to the Evaluation of a Large-Scale Electronic Shelf-Labeling Wireless Sensor Network

Energy source	Characteristics	Efficiency	Power density
Light	Outdoor	10–25%	100 mW/
	Indoor		100 W/
Thermal	Human	0.1%	60 W/
	Industrial	3%	10 mW/
Vibration	Hz-Human	25–50%	4 W/
	kHz-Machines		800 W/
Radio	GSM 900 MHz	50%	0.1 W/
frequency	WiFi 2.4 GHz		0.001 W/

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