Table 2 Parameters for the performance analyzing

T _x-y

Transmission cost of a packet between nodes x and y

P _C

Processing cost of node C for binding update or lookup

T _setup

Setup time for connecting MN with MAG

N _G

Number of MAGs in PMIPv6 domain

N _HG

Number of HMAGs in CSPMIPv6 domain

N _HM

Number of active hosts per MAG

N _MH

Number of MAGs per HMAG

C _x-y

Hop count between nodes x and y

S _Ctrl

Size of a control packet (byte)

S _Data

Size of data packet (byte)

a

Unit cost of binding update with LMA or HMAG

b

Unit cost of lookup for MN at LMA, HMAG, or MAG

t

Unit transmission cost of packet per a wired link (hop)

k

Unit transmission cost of packet per a wireless link (hop)

p

Probability of inter-cluster communications or movements