Figure 7From: Frequency tracking by method of least squares combined with channel estimation for OFDM over mobile wireless channels16-QAM SER versus total average SNR γ ¯ for OFDM in frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channels. The OFDM system employs LS frequency tracking combined with LS (ML) channel estimation for δ = 0.2. Also included for comparison is the ideal system 16-QAM SER with perfect frequency synchronization and channel estimation.Back to article page