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Table 2 Bandwidth and BER performance of OOK and PPM variants

From: A review of communication-oriented optical wireless systems

Modulation format

Data rate

BER

ASK

R b = B ·log2M

2 â‹… M - 1 M â‹… log 2 M â‹… Q 1 M - 1 â‹… S N R â‹… log 2 M

PPM

R b = B â‹… log 2 M M

M 2 â‹…Q S N R â‹… M â‹… log 2 M 2

DPPM

R b ¯ = 2 ⋅ B ⋅ log 2 M M + 1

Variable symbol duration, refer to [31] for a detailed presentation

DPIM

R b ¯ =2⋅B⋅ log 2 M M + 3

Variable symbol duration, refer to [32] for a detailed presentation

  1. Bandwidth B is the first-null bandwidth, SNR is the electrical signal-to-noise ratio and M is the number of chips that construct a symbol in PPM or the number of power levels in an ASK system. Function Q(x) is defined asQ x = 1 2 π ⋅ ∫ x ∞ e - u 2 2 ⋅du.