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Table 1 Native sensors embedded in current smart devices[16, 17]

From: Modern smart device-based concept of sensoric networks

Type and unit

Description

Accelerometer (m/s2)

Motion sensor of three-dimensional X,Y,Z acceleration includes gravity magnitude which is g = 9.81 m/s2 and is expressed by following equitation:

Acceleration = − g − ∑ F/mass

To express pure acceleration, the gravity force must be removed from the data, and the result is basically a linear acceleration

From Android 1.5 API 3, from iPhone 3G [18]

Temperature (°C)

Environmental sensor of one-dimensional ambient temperature in degree Celsius

From Android 4.0 API 14

Gravity (m/s2)

Motion sensor of three-dimensional x, y, z vector indicating the direction and magnitude of gravity. The coordinate system is the same as acceleration

From Android 2.3 API 9

Gyroscope (rad/s)

Motion sensor of three-dimensional x, y, z rotation vector around device’s local axis

From Android 2.3 API 9, From iPhone 4S

Light (lx)

Environmental sensor of one-dimensional ambient light level indicator.

From Android 1.5 API 3, from iPhone 3G

Linear acceleration (m/s2)

Motion sensor of three-dimensional x, y, z linear acceleration vector indicating acceleration along each device axis, not including gravity. The coordinate system is the same within acceleration

Assume following equation:

Acceleration = gravity + linear − acceleration

From Android 2.3 API 9

Magnetic field (μT)

Motion sensor of three-dimensional ambient magnetic fields measured in micro-tesla in the x-, y-, z-axis.

From Android 1.5 API 3, from iPhone 3GS

Pressure (hPa)

Environmental sensor of one-dimensional ambient air pressure in hectopascal or millibar units

From Android 2.3 API 9

Proximity (cm)

Environmental sensor of one-dimensional distance measured in front of the device

From Android 1.5 API 3, from iPhone 3G

Humidity (%)

Environmental sensor of one-dimensional relative ambient air humidity

From Android 4.0 API 14

Rotation vector (scalar)

Motion sensor of three-dimensional rotation vector expressed by following equation:

Value = sin(θ/2), where θ is the angle of device that has rotated around a specific axe

From Android 2.3 API 9, from iPhone 3G