Figure 3From: On the maximum likelihood estimation of the ToA under an imperfect path loss exponentBias of the estimated distance as a function of PLE error. Top: Bias of the ML distance estimate as a function of the PLE error δ γ , with γ0=1.7, SNR=30 dB, c τ0=4 m, β ̄ =3.1007×1 0 9 Hz, sampling time = 0.01 ps, and NR=6,000 independent runs. Bottom: A magnification of the upper plot.Back to article page