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Table 1 Simulation setting

From: Energy efficiency optimization-oriented control plane and user plane adaptation with a frameless network architecture for 5G

System parameter

 Number of Macro AEs

9

 Number of Small Cell AEs

72 (each Macro AE has two clusters with four Small AEs)

 Number of subchannels

20

 Maximum power of Macro AE

46 dBm

 Maximum power of Small Cell AE

30 dBm

 Carrier frequency

2 GHz

 Bandwidth

10 MHz

 Pathloss model

PL = 128.1 + 37.6 log10 d, d(km)

 Shadowing standard deviation

8 dB

 Shadowing correlation distance

50 m

 Fast fading

Rayleigh fading

 Noise density

−174 dBm/Hz

 Maximal size of the serving set N a

3

 Maximal size of the subchannel set N s

3

GA parameters

 Population size N p

500

 Number of generations N g

200

 Mutation rate p m

0.001