Fig. 11
From: Geographical model-derived grid-based directional routing for massively dense WSNs
Routing direction. All ROIs are square regions divided into 37×37 grids. Sinks which will consume all the information generated are marked as circles, and the arrows represent the routing directions, \(\widetilde {\mathbf {u_{f}}}\)s. a Uniform ψ and ρ: the black regions represent the holes. b Uniform ψ and nonuniform ρ: the sensors in the gray region generate ten times more information than other sensors. c Nonuniform ψ and uniform ρ: the gray region has 50 % higher sensor density than the white region. d Nonuniform density and uniform ρ: the gray region has 30 % lower sensor density than the white region