Table 1 Direct ray parameters

Delay

Direct ray delay is calculated from the model geometry:

τ _D  = d _D /c

\( {d}_D=\sqrt{L^2+{\left({H}_{tx}-{H}_{rx}\right)}^2} \)

Power

Direct ray power calculated as free-space path loss with oxygen absorption:

\( {P}_D=20{ \log}_{10}\left(\frac{\lambda }{4\pi {d}_D}\right)-{A}_0{d}_D \), in dB

Channel matrix

\( \mathbf{H}=\left[\begin{array}{cc}\hfill {10}^{P_D/20}\hfill & \hfill 0\hfill \\ {}\hfill 0\hfill & \hfill {10}^{P_D/20}\hfill \end{array}\right]{e}^{\frac{j2\pi {d}_D}{\lambda }} \)

AoD

0° azimuth and elevation

AoA

0° azimuth and elevation