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Table 2 Toy functions: 5 unimodal functions and 5 multimodal functions

From: Nonuniform antenna array design by parallelizing three-parent crossover genetic algorithm

Number

Function

Property

f 1

Spherical function

Unimodal, separable, scalable

f 2

Axis parallel hyper-ellipsoid, weighted sphere

Unimodal, separable, scalable

f 3

Perm function

Unimodal, nonseparable, scalable

f 4

High-conditioned elliptic function

Unimodal, separable, scalable

f 5

Schwefel’s problem 1.2

Unimodal, nonseparable, scalable

f 6

Rosenbrock’s function

Multimodal, nonseparable, scalable

f 7

Rastrigin’s function

Multimodal, separable, scalable

f 8

Griewank function

Multimodal, nonseparable, scalable

f 9

Ackley’s function

Multimodal, nonseparable, scalable

f 10

Zakharov function

Multimodal, nonseparable, scalable