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Table 3 Optimal function values found by GA-TPC and parallel GA-TPC over 25 independent runs

From: Nonuniform antenna array design by parallelizing three-parent crossover genetic algorithm

Algorithm

GA-TPC

Parallel GA-TPC

U test

f(·)

med

std

med

std

p-value

f 1

6.56E −04

2.64E + 00

0.00

0.00

4.58E −08

f 2

6.07E −08

6.38E −03

0.00

0.00

1.10E −06

f 3

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

N/A a

f 4

6.17E −08

5.19E −04

0.00

0.00

1.90E −05

f 5

1.16E + 12

9.85E + 13

1.49E + 12

1.68E + 13

0.4377

f 6

1.04E + 01

1.16E + 02

6.43E + 00

1.88E + 01

0.0052

f 7

3.98E + 00

1.68E + 00

4.97E + 00

3.22E + 00

0.0708

f 8

1.28E −01

1.30E −01

9.07E −02

5.13E −02

0.0478

f 9

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

N/A a

f 10

4.39E −02

7.88E −01

0.00E + 00

2.31E −01

6.34E −08

  1. aN/A: hypothesis test is not available as algorithms have the same median values
  2. Median and standard deviation are respectively abbreviated as med and std