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Table 1 Simulation parameters

From: Cellular-D2D resource reuse algorithms based on proportional fairness

Parameter

Value

Cell radius

500 m

Maximum distance for the D2D pair

200 m

Carrier frequency (f c)

2 GHz

Uplink bandwidth

10 MHz

Number of sub-channels

10

Maximum transmit (Tx) power

23 dBm

Path loss model

\( {\displaystyle \begin{array}{l}{PL}_{\mathrm{LOS}}=40{\mathrm{log}}_{10}(d)+7.56-17.3{\mathrm{log}}_{10}\left({h}_1^{\prime}\right)-17.3{\mathrm{log}}_{10}\left({h}_2^{\prime}\right)+2.7{\mathrm{log}}_{10}\left({f}_c\right)\\ {}{PL}_{\mathrm{NLOS}}=\left(44.9-6.55{\mathrm{log}}_{10}\left({h}_1\right)\right)\cdot {\mathrm{log}}_{10}(d)+5.83{\mathrm{log}}_{10}\left({h}_1\right)+9.78+34.97{\mathrm{log}}_{10}\left({f}_{\mathrm{c}}\right)\end{array}} \)

where the probability of LOS can be expressed by

\( {P}_{\mathrm{LOS}}=\min \left(\frac{18}{d},1\right)\cdot \left(1-{e}^{-\frac{d}{36}}\right)+{e}^{-\frac{d}{36}} \)

(1) Cellular communication:

The distance between CU and BS is denoted by d; h 1 = 10m, \( {h}_1^{\prime }=9\mathrm{m} \), and \( {h}_2^{\prime }=0.5\mathrm{m} \) denote the antenna height of BS, the effective height of BS, and the effective height of CU, respectively;

(2) D2D communication:

The distance between D2D pair is denoted by d; h 1 = 1.5m, \( {h}_1^{\prime }=0.5\mathrm{m} \) and \( {h}_2^{\prime }=0.5\mathrm{m} \) denote the antenna height of D2D receiver, the effective height of D2D receiver, and the effective height of D2D transmitter, respectively.

Shadowing

Log-normal distribution with standardization deviation 7 dB

Multiple-path fading

Rayleigh distribution