Hybrid energy-efficient APTEEN protocol based on ant colony algorithm in wireless sensor network

EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking

Table 1 Parameters

Parameter	Value	Parameter	Value
Initial energy	0.5 J	HT	5
Data packet	4100 bytes	ST	0.1
Control packet	100 bytes	CT	3
P	0.2	K	10
α	1	β	10
E _elec	50 nJ/bit	ε _fs	100pJ/bit/m²
E _DA	5 nJ/bit/signal	ε _mp	0.0013pJ/bit/m⁴

This paper evaluates the network performance index that mainly includes the network life cycle, the node survival rate, and the node energy consumption. A network life cycle is an important index to evaluate the performance of the clustering routing protocol. It refers to the time when the first node runs out of energy in WSN