Table 3 R&D cost and proportion in GDP
From: Current problems in China’s manufacturing and countermeasures for industry 4.0
Year | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R&D cost (billion yuan) | 10,298 | 11,847 | 13,016 | 14,170 | 15,500 |
GDP (billion yuan) | 540,367.4 | 595,244.4 | 643,974 | 689,052.1 | 744,127.2 |
Proportion (%) | 1.91 | 1.99 | 2.02 | 2.06 | 2.08 |