Table 1 Comparison on the entrepreneurial characteristics of virtual e-business clusters and traditional industrial clusters

Entrepreneurial agglomeration

Geographical proximity, strong localization, industrial chain platform

Organized closely, cross regional, Internet platforms

Motive force

Driven by factors and specialization

Driven by Internet innovation

Entrepreneurial approach

Face-to-face communication

Virtual networking and electronization

Network characteristics

Regional network formed by specialized division of work and cooperation

Open and loose type work and cooperation network based on the Internet

Form of competition

“Exclusive” competition in the decision of information regionalism

Open “inferiority” competition determined by network technology and market economy law

Mode of payment

Traditional payment mode

Internet payment