Table 2 Results of benchmark functions

F4

Average

2.3098e-07

1.6809e-01

5.9244e + 00

2.5968e + 03

8.7209e + 00

3.7533e-01

Best

2.0231e-08

6.5745e-02

2.7091e + 00

2.3267e + 03

3.7315e + 00

1.5339e-02

Worst

1.0011e-06

8.6775e-01

2.2001e + 01

2.7596e + 03

1.7043e + 01

1.2087e + 00

F10

Average

− 8.3013e + 03

− 5.9874e + 03

− 5.6100e + 03

− 2.7100e + 03

− 2.6426e + 03

− 2.0209e + 03

Best

− 1.0709e + 04

− 7.1086e + 03

− 8.4041e + 03

−4.0804e + 03

− 3.4663e + 03

− 3.3395e + 03

Worst

− 7.0223e + 03

− 4.7540e + 03

− 2.8426e + 03

−1.7474e + 03

− 2.0591e + 03

−1.3446e + 03

F12

Average

1.0207e + 00

4.1775e-02

3.4556e-03

4.5266e + 08

1.8131e + 00

2.2822e + 00

Best

3.8368e-21

6.7666e-03

3.2972e-11

1.2343e + 08

1.3187e-01

3.4683e-01

Worst

9.8116e + 00

1.2092e-01

1.0366e-01

6.5390e + 08

3.8369e + 00

3.9012e + 00

F16

Average

− 6.7145e + 01

− 4.6695e + 01

− 6.5902e + 01

− 3.0162e + 01

− 5.1201e + 01

− 2.0334e + 01

Best

− 7.0698e + 01

− 5.3634e + 01

− 6.9157e + 01

− 3.7542e + 01

− 6.4863e + 01

− 2.7265e + 01

Worst

− 6.4195e + 01

− 3.9875e + 01

− 6.3337e + 01

− 2.6260e + 01

− 3.8281e + 01

− 1.5495e + 01