Table 1 Notations

I D _A

Identity of node A

T S _i

Timestamp

K _{A− B}

Pairwise key between node A and node B

K D K _A

KDK of node A

A K _A

AK of node A

E(K,m)

Encrypt message m with key K

MAC(K,m)

Message authentication code of message m with key K

||

Concatenation

H(·)

Hash function

f

Pseudorandom function

⊕

Exclusive-OR operation