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EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking
Fig. 4 | EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking

Fig. 4

From: Ubiquitous cell-free Massive MIMO communications

Fig. 4

TDD frame structure. The TDD frame with no pilot-based DL training (right) is used in cellular Massive MIMO, which can rely on channel hardening, while both options are on the table for cell-free Massive MIMO. Note that guard intervals are not depicted since they were deducted from the coherence time interval

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