From: Physical layer identification of LoRa devices using constellation trace figure
L1 (5m to USRP) (%)
L2 (10m to USRP) (%)
L3 (50m to USRP) (%)
SVM
71.20
72.53
70.67
CNN
83.67
82.17
82.80
MLP
90.27
89.67
Proposed
99.03
98.50
70.07