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Table 3 Numbers of complex-valued operations required for the ZF STBC decoder: a user is removed from the system

From: Low computational complexity methods for decoding of STBC in the uplink of a massive MIMO system

Number of users (M)

8

16

24

32

Direct inverse

88447

307610

778335

1631695

Proposed update

44588

112588

199020

303884

Complexity reduction (updating)

50%

63%

74%

81%

Inverse approximation R = 3

38976

91200

151616

220224

Complexity reduction (approximation)

55%

70%

80%

87%