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Table 1 Existing literature comparison with this paper

From: Energy-efficiency maximization bidirectional direct and relay transmission

Optimal transmit power (OTP)

[15–16], [19–23], [25–28], this paper

Optimal transmit time (OTT)

[19–20], [22–23], [27–28], this paper

Circuit power (CP) consumption

[15–16], [20–23], [26–28], this paper

Power amplifier (PA) efficiency

[15], [20–23], [26–28], this paper

Direct links (DLs)

[18], [24–28], this paper

Optimal relay position (ORP)

[17], [27], [29–30], this paper