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Table 1 Pilot cost comparison

From: Deep double-pilot-based hybrid precoding in UAV-enabled mmWave massive MIMO

Pilots required

Method

Period

 

A period of the beam sampling step

A period of prediction period

Proposed

\({N_t}^2+N_{RF}^2(R_{\mathrm{smpl}}-1)\)

\(N_{RF}^2\)

Taylor expansion

\({N_t}^2R_{\mathrm{smpl}}\)

\({N_t}^2\)