Fig. 1

Realisation examples for different noise processes. The following parameters were used in each case: Gaussian case (\(\mu =0\) and \(\sigma ^2=0.2\)); \(\alpha\)-stable (\(\alpha =1.5\), \(\gamma =0.1\)); \(\epsilon\)-contaminated case (\(\epsilon =0.01\), \(\kappa =100\), \(\sigma ^2=0.2\)); sum of Gaussian and \(\alpha\)-stable in a moderately impulsive case (\(\alpha =1.5\), \(\gamma =0.1\) and \(\sigma ^2=0.2\) (\(\mathrm{NIR}=0\)))