Table 5 Test results of direct effect, indirect effect and total effect
From: Industrial efficiency analysis based on the spatial panel model
| Variable | \({W}^{0-1}\) | \({W}^{d}\) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADI | \(HLQ\) |
0.0395* (0.0240) |
0.0674*** (0.0222) |
| \(Ln R\&D\) |
0.0408 (0.0309) |
0.0938*** (0.0338) | |
| \(Ln FDI\) |
0.0124 (0.0099) |
0.0071 (0.0097) | |
| \(MS\) |
0.0526*** (0.0124) |
0.0575*** (0.0109) | |
| \(IND\) |
– 0.5728*** (0.1386) |
– 0.2297* (0.1395) | |
| \(URB\) |
– 0.3513 (0.3536) |
– 1.2147*** (0.3521) | |
| AII | \(HLQ\) |
0.1547*** (0.0432) |
0.1313* (0.709) |
| \(Ln R\&D\) |
0.2013*** (0.0481) |
0.2570** (0.1014) | |
| \(Ln FDI\) |
– 0.0119 (0.0231) |
– 0.1618*** (0.0413) | |
| \(MS\) |
– 0.0359** (0.0154) |
– 0.0704*** (0.0123) | |
| \(IND\) |
– 0.1032 (0.2245) |
– 0.6000** (0.2626) | |
| \(URB\) |
– 2.5786*** (0.7347) |
– 0.245 (1.3303) | |
| ATI | \(HLQ\) |
0.1942*** (0.0386) |
0.1987* (0.1349) |
| \(Ln R\&D\) |
0.1605*** (0.0453) |
0.1633* (0.0992) | |
| \(Ln FDI\) |
0.0005 (0.0251) |
– 0.1547*** (0.0416) | |
| \(MS\) |
0.0167* (0.0094) |
– 0.0128** (0.0053) | |
| \(IND\) |
– 0.6761*** (0.2184) |
– 0.8297*** (0.2304) | |
| \(URB\) |
– 2.9299*** (0.6804) |
– 1.4597 (1.2644) |