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Table 1 Transmission modes supported by the blueSPACE ARoF BBU and corresponding signal and DSP parameters

From: Real-time high-bandwidth mm-wave 5G NR signal transmission with analog radio-over-fiber fronthaul over multi-core fiber

Mode

Numerology (\(\mu\))

Subcarrier spacing [kHz]

FFT size

Sampling frequency [MHz]

Slots/sub-frame

Slot duration [\(\upmu \hbox {s}\)]

Max. num of active subcarriers

Max. bandwidth [MHz]

Theoretical max. Bitrate [Mbit/s]

Modulation formats

M2

2

60

4096

245.76

4

250

3168

190.08

1419.3

QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM

M2E

2

60

4096

245.76

4

250

3168

190.08

1216.5

M3

3

120

4096

491.52

8

125

3168

380.16

2838.5

M4

4

240

2048

491.52

16

62.5

1584

380.16

2838.5

M4bS\(^{*}\)

4

240

4096

983.04

16

62.5

3168

760.32

5677.1

  1. \(^{*}\) Extended version of mode M4 introduced by blueSPACE through extrapolation of the 5G NR numerology to maximize transmission capacity and show up to 800 MHz RF bandwidth