Table 7 Assessment of selected 79 articles against the quality assessment criteria

Data governance

Privacy at social networks

Policies, laws and governance

Data architecture

Timeliness, device heterogeneity

Architecture security

Data modeling and design

Data deluge, inappropriate analytics, technology gap

Communication security, threat modeling/risk assessment, intrusion recognition

Data storage and operations

Data storage and sharing, data collection, availability

Endpoint validation and response capabilities, secure queries, secure data collection, storage and transaction logs, distributed sources for data, data transformation, machine learning algorithms, data classification

Data security

Privacy and security, confidentiality, lack of skills

Encryption, user validation, confidentiality, skills, differential privacy, latent data privacy, data-driven privacy preserving

Data integration and interoperability

Data capture, data transfer

Documents and contents

Complexity, different data types and formats

Granular access control, data anonymization, granular audit, user education

Reference and master data

Recovery

Data warehousing and business intelligence

Establishing a data-driven culture, cost/budget, organizational resistance

Metadata

Storage of encryption header information, provenance metadata

Data quality

Accuracy, incompleteness and inconsistency, vagueness