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Table 5 Computational Cost of GRA

From: A low-complexity channel training method for efficient SVD beamforming over MIMO channels

Cost Item

Sums

Products

Divisions

Square roots

Sign Operations

\(C_N\)

\(\frac{16}{3}N^3 +10N^2 -\frac{28}{3}N +10\)

\(\frac{16}{3}N^3 +16N^2 -\frac{70}{3}N+4\)

\(4N^2 -2N-3\)

\(2N^2 -3\)

\(2N -3\)