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Table 3 Communication overhead

From: ToAM: a task-oriented authentication model for UAVs based on blockchain

Phase

Information category

Length (bytes)

Group building

mUAV calls the smart contract and queries the UAV’s public key

128 + 654

Send the ticket and time stamp to UAV

28 + 4

Send the ticket and related signatures to BS

28 + 20

mUAV calls the smart contract and queries the related information

128 + 20

Send the pre-shared key and time stamp to UAV

20 + 4

Intra-group authentication

The initiator UAV sends its ID

128

The receiver searches the hash value in the chord ring

20∙(Log2(N) + 1)