Skip to main content
  • Research Article
  • Open access
  • Published:

Spatial Multiplexing Gains for Realistic Sized Ad Hoc Networks with Directional Antenna Arrays

Abstract

We concentrate on an ad hoc network model with nodes on integer lattice points over a 2D plane. We examine the limits of ad hoc network performance for systems with antenna arrays capable of allowing both spatial multiplexing and directional processing. Two cases are considered. In the first case, we consider "perfect" directional antenna arrays, in other words, each node can form beams of infinitesimally narrow beamwidth. In this case, the throughput capacity of an ad hoc network is independent of the network size. In the second case, we consider a more practical system where each node can form a fixed number of beams of finite beamwidth. Our results show that the spatial multiplexing gains depend on the system size, antenna beamwidth, and number of antenna beams. Furthermore, we show that spatial multiplexing gains offsetting the interference-related performance degradation can be achieved in ad hoc networks with thousands of nodes.

[1234567891011121314151617181920]

References

  1. Telatar IE: Capacity of multi-antenna Gaussian channels. European Transactions on Telecommunications 1999,10(6):585-595. 10.1002/ett.4460100604

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Foschini GJ, Gans MJ: On limits of wireless communications in a fading environment when using multiple antennas. Wireless Personal Communications 1998,6(3):311-335. 10.1023/A:1008889222784

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Larsson EG: Improving the frame-error-rate of spatial multiplexing in block fading by randomly rotating the signal constellation. IEEE Communications Letters 2004,8(8):514-516. 10.1109/LCOMM.2004.833805

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  4. Spencer QH, Swindlehurst AL, Haardt M: Zero-forcing methods for downlink spatial multiplexing in multiuser MIMO channels. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 2004,52(2):461-471. 10.1109/TSP.2003.821107

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  5. Zhang Y, Wang G, Amin MG: Cooperative spatial multiplexing in multi-hop wireless networks. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP '06), May 2006, Toulouse, France 4: 821-824.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bölcskei H, Gesbert D, Paulraj AJ: On the capacity of OFDM-based spatial multiplexing systems. IEEE Transactions on Communications 2002,50(2):225-234.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Kim SW: Cooperative relaying architecture for wireless video sensor networks. The International Conference on Wireless Networks, Communications and Mobile Computing, June 2005, Maui, Hawaii, USA 2: 993-998.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Gore DA, Heath RW Jr., Paulraj AJ: Transmit selection in spatial multiplexing systems. IEEE Communications Letters 2002,6(11):491-493. 10.1109/LCOMM.2002.805517

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Heath RW Jr., Sandhu S, Paulraj A: Antenna selection for spatial multiplexing systems with linear receivers. IEEE Communications Letters 2001,5(4):142-144. 10.1109/4234.917094

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Heath RW Jr., Love DJ: Multimode antenna selection for spatial multiplexing systems with linear receivers. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 2005,53(8):3042-3056.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  11. Nasipuri A, Ye S, You J, Hiromoto RE: A MAC protocol for mobile ad hoc networks using directional antennas. Proceedings of the IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC '00), September 2000, Chicago, Ill, USA 3: 1214-1219.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Nasipuri A, Mandava J, Manchala H, Hiromoto RE: On-demand routing using directional antennas in mobile ad hocnetworks. Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks, October 2000, Las Vegas, Nev, USA 535-541.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Ko Y-B, Shankarkumar V, Vaidya NH: Medium access control protocols using directional antennas in ad hoc networks. Proceedings of the 19th Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (INFOCOM '00), March 2000, Tel Aviv, Israel 1: 13-21.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Choudhury RR, Yang X, Ramanathan R, Vaidya NH: On designing MAC protocols for wireless networks using directional antennas. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2006,5(5):477-491.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Zorzi M, Zeidler J, Anderson A, et al.: Cross-layer issues in MAC protocol design for MIMO ad hoc networks. IEEE Wireless Communications 2006,13(4):62-76. 10.1109/MWC.2006.1678167

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Ramanathan R: On the performance of ad hoc networks with beamforming antennas. Proceedings of the ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing (MobiHoc '01), October 2001, Long Beach, Calif, USA 95-105.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  17. Ramanathan R, Redi J, Santivanez C, Wiggins D, Polit S: Ad hoc networking with directional antennas: a complete system solution. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 2005,23(3):496-506.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Gupta P, Kumar PR: Towards an information theory of large networks: an achievable rate region. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 2003,49(8):1877-1894. 10.1109/TIT.2003.814480

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  19. Winters JH: Smart antennas for wireless systems. IEEE Personal Communications 1998,5(1):23-27. 10.1109/98.656155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Castellanos D:The ubiquitous. Mathematics Magazine 1988,61(2):67-98. 10.2307/2690037

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Eugene Perevalov.

Rights and permissions

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Perevalov, E., Safi, D., Lin, L. et al. Spatial Multiplexing Gains for Realistic Sized Ad Hoc Networks with Directional Antenna Arrays. J Wireless Com Network 2007, 098490 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1155/2007/98490

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2007/98490

Keywords