Intelligent logistics system construction algorithm based on wireless sensor technology
The four major core radio-frequency identification technologies of the Internet of Things, namely RFID technology, bar code technology, communication technology, remote sensing technology, and the continuous upgrading of intelligent information equipment, are the core driving forces that really promote the rapid development of the Internet of Things. The continuous innovation and development of the Internet of Things has enabled the Internet of Things to have characteristics such as comprehensiveness of perception, reliability of information hulls, and intelligence of information processing. These features have just provided key technical support for the formation and development of smart logistics to achieve logistics information, digitalization, and intelligence. The currently widely used smart logistics system in China is the machine-to-machine framework of machine-to-machine (M2M), and in the samples of grounded theoretic methods, the application layer, service layer, and sensory layer with more frequent words are used. Such words belong to the scope of the M2M architecture. Therefore, the construction of the smart logistics system for this study is planned to adopt this system architecture and combine the characteristics of Yiwu L Group’s logistics and distribution to complete the construction of a smart logistics system based on the Internet of Things technology.
The role of the sensory layer is mainly to upload information such as user information, employee information, managerial information, and product information that may be involved in various smart logistics platform personnel, goods, and the environment to the database or server through the Internet of Things technology. The sensory layer in the smart logistics system is mainly composed of the data acquisition layer and the access layer. The data acquisition layer mainly uses the sensors, bar codes, and RFID tags in the Internet of Things technology to capture the information of items under the line to the mobile device or the personal computer (PC) through sensor technology, barcode recognition technology, and radio-frequency identification technology. Then, through the network upload function in the access layer, the network, such as a mobile network, a wireless network, or a wired network, is transmitted to the global IoT network. The design of the network layer is more professional, and most of them involve computer professional knowledge. This article is biased toward theorization, so it can only find relevant supporting materials from the literature and supplement of it with understanding. The network layer in the smart logistics system based on the Internet of Things technology is a bridge connecting customers and background data. Its main function is achieved through the network transmission platform and application platform, and the two platforms can be uniformly understood as an information integration platform. The network layer is the link that connects the major components of the logistics information system and is the basis for realizing information sharing and real-time communication. The basic communication network of logistics information system can be divided into three major components: logistics park network, urban logistics information network, and wireless communication network. The logistics park network serves the logistics management department of the park and the logistics enterprises of the park, connecting their respective management information systems and accessing the urban logistics information network to provide timely, smooth, and effective logistics information services for enterprises in the park. Urban logistics information network refers to the urban backbone network that connects the logistics park, logistics public information platform, logistics trading platform, industry management subsystem, and enterprise logistics information system, and realizes the organic integration of information resources of major subsystems. The wireless communication network is the key to realize communication with other logistics information systems such as on-site subsystems, on-board subsystems, vehicle tracking and dispatching systems, etc. It can be established by combining conventional mobile communication technologies with wireless cluster communication technologies.
The application layer designed in this paper includes on-site subsystems, vehicle subsystems, logistics enterprise subsystems, and industry management subsystems. The on-site subsystems are distributed on roads, warehouses, and yards for information collection, provision and industry management subsystems, and logistics. The physical facilities and management systems for information exchange between enterprise subsystems; the vehicle subsystem is composed of information receiving, sending and collecting equipment installed on vehicles, and its main functions are used for information exchange between trucks and data centers; logistics enterprises There are certain differences in the business systems of logistics enterprises under different logistics modes of subsystems. From the perspective of supply chain, the subsystems required by logistics companies are the systems in the functional system; the industry management subsystem is mainly from relevant government departments and logistics. Defined from the perspective of hubs and industry management, its system requirements can meet relatively many functions, and needs to be able to operate with logistics companies, vehicle fleets, logistics transit points, airport station railways, banks, insurance, taxation, and other logistics companies. The intersected departments and enterprises formed information exchanges. No information packet is sent in an idle time slot, that is, the probability of no information packet arriving is:
$$ {q}^0={e}^{- aG} $$
(1)
Only one information packet is sent in an idle time slot “a,” that is, the probability of successfully sending the information packet:
$$ {q}_a^1={aGe}^{- aG} $$
(2)
The probability of sending no information packets within the transmission period (1 + 3a) is:
$$ {q}_{1+3a}^1={e}^{-G\left(1+3a\right)} $$
(3)
The probability of sending only one packet during the transmission period (1 + 3a) is:
$$ {q}_{1+3a}^1=G\left(1+3a\right){e}^{-G\left(1+3a\right)} $$
(4)
So, the probability of consecutive i 1 and j BU events in one cycle is:
$$ P\left({N}_I=i,{N}_{BU}=j\right)={\left({e}^{- Ga}\right)}^{i-1}\left(1-{e}^{- Ga}\right){\left(1-{e}^{-G\left(1+3a\right)}\right)}^{j-1}{e}^{-G\left(1+3a\right)} $$
(5)
The number of consecutive I events in a cycle E(NI) is:
$$ E\left({N}_I\right)=\sum \limits_{i=1}^{\infty}\sum \limits_{j=1}^{\infty } iP\left({N}_I=i,{N}_{BU}=j\right)=\sum \limits_{i=1}^{\infty}\sum \limits_{j=1}^{\infty }i{\left({e}^{- Ga}\right)}^{i-1}\left(1-{e}^{Ga}\right){\left(1-{e}^{G\left(1+3a\right)}\right)}^{j-1}=\frac{1}{1-{e}^{- Ga}} $$
(6)
The number of consecutive occurrences of j BU events in a cycleE(NBU) is:
$$ E\left({N}_{BU}\right)=\sum \limits_{i=1}^{\infty}\sum \limits_{j=1}^{\infty } iP\left({N}_I=i,{N}_{BU}=j\right)=\sum \limits_{i=1}^{\infty}\sum \limits_{j=1}^{\infty }i{\left({e}^{- Ga}\right)}^{i-1}\left(1-{e}^{Ga}\right){\left(1-{e}^{G\left(1+3a\right)}\right)}^{j-1}{e}^{G\left(1+3a\right)}=\frac{1}{1-{e}^{-G\left(1+3a\right)}} $$
(7)
In the BU event, the number of successful events U is as follows. Before the analysis, the following definitions are made: U: During the idle period, when the packet arrives in the last slot, and only one packet arrives, the packet is successfully transmitted in the next slot. It can be known that the throughput of the traditional slotted non-persistent Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) protocol is:
$$ S=\frac{Gae^{- Ga}}{1-{e}^{- Ga}+a} $$
(8)
Logistics business system construction design model
The logistics business system is centered on transportation, warehousing, distribution, information, packaging, distribution processing, loading and unloading, and transportation. Meanwhile, it is supported by relevant factors that ensure the operation of the logistics business, such as advanced logistics facilities and equipment, and modern operation modes, to achieve high efficiency and low consumption logistics activities (Fig. 1). Among them, transportation, warehousing, and distribution are the most basic and important businesses of logistics. Information is the chain linking business activities in all aspects of logistics, and it is also an important means to carry out and complete the logistics business. It is the core business layer in the logistics business system. In the traditional logistics business system, real-time monitoring and control of objects cannot be achieved due to limited information collection and interaction capabilities. Based on the internet of things technology, the logistics business system, the comprehensive perception, reliable transmission, and intelligent processing of the internet of things create the basic conditions for the transparency and real-time management of goods, and the logistics traceability management of important goods. They will certainly improve the intelligentization of logistics business system, which will bring changes to the logistics business system and processes. The framework of the logistics business system based on the Internet of Things is shown in Fig. 2.
In Fig. 3, there are four processes: A, B, C, and D, and each process details are as follows: Only one information packet arrives, and the next time slot is transmitted successfully. B and C have more than two information packets arriving, the next time slot conflicts, and the conflict is resolved in the subsequent idle period. In the process of conflict resolution, newly arrived information packets adopt non-independent CSMA. After the CSMA is decomposed, the CSMA continues to use the non-consolidation protocol based on binary tree conflict resolution with monitoring functions. After the introduction of the improved binary tree conflict resolution algorithm, the effective time slot length occupied by the successful transmission of information packets in one cycle is:
$$ E\left({U}^{\ast}\right)=E\left({N}_U\right)\times \left(1+3a\right)=\frac{Gae^{- Ga}\left(1+3a\right)}{1-{e}^{- Ga}} $$
(9)
The throughput of non-intrusive CSMA protocol with monitoring function based on binary tree conflict resolution is:
$$ S=\frac{E\Big(U+E\left({U}_{Bx}\right)}{E\left({U}^{\ast}\right)+E\left({U}_{Bx}\right)+E(I)} $$
(10)