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Table 1 Notations

From: A secure and privacy-preserving authentication protocol for wireless sensor networks in smart city

Notations

Descriptions

\(U_{i}\)

ith user

\(USC\)

The user’s smart card

\(S_{j}\)

jth sensor node

\(GWN\)

Gateway node

\(S_{g}\)

Secret key of the gateway node

\(PK_{g}\)

Public key of the gateway node

\(GWNPS_{j}\)

Secret key of the gateway node shared with the sensor node

\(GWNPU_{i}\)

Secret key of the gateway node shared with the user

\(UID_{i}\)

User’s identity

\(UPWD_{i}\)

User’s password

\(SID_{j}\)

Sensor node's identity

\(BIO_{i}\)

User’s biological information

\(T_{x}\)

Current timestamp

\(\Delta T\)

Allowed transmission delay

\(SK\)

Shared session key

\(E_{x} ()/D_{x} ()\)

Encryption or decryption function using x

\(h()\)

One-way hash function

\(BH()\)

Bio-hash operation

\(\oplus\)

Performing XOR operation

||

Concatenation operation