Fig. 1

Local neighborhood of the probe transmitter: each dot represents a node in the network. The red triangle is the probe transmitting node and the green star is the tested relay (node i in this example). The red dashed circle represents the routing zone with radius \(r_{{\mathrm{RZ}}}\) centered at the probe transmitter. The distance between the probe transmitter and the tested relay is \(r_{i,j}\). The known zone (KZ) of tested relay i is marked by the small blue dotted circle centered at the tested relay with radius \(r_{{\mathrm{K}},i,j}\) (12). In this case, the KZ contains a single undesired node; thus, \(N_{{\mathrm{K}},i,j}=1\)